Can You Have More Than One Personality Disorder
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Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental health condition that was previously referred to as "manic low." It causes frequent shifts in mood, energy and action levels. People with bipolar disorder feel strong feelings of sadness, guilt and hopelessness during episodes of depression, and these are followed by farthermost periods of happiness called mania.
Symptoms of bipolar disorder can vary from person to person in terms of severity and duration. For some people, feelings of depression and elevated moods may rotate or cycle. For others, moods might shift quickly or feelings of low and elevated mood might alternating over a period of months. The condition tin sometimes escalate and include symptoms of delusions, hallucinations and other types of psychosis that disconnect a person from reality.
Bipolar disorder impacts approximately four.4% of adults in the United states of america during their lifetimes. Most commonly, symptoms brainstorm in adolescence and young machismo, but they may announced in childhood as well. There is no cure for bipolar disorder, and without handling, this status tin can lead to negative effects on a person's finances, relationships and even their standing with the police force. However, treatment options are available to help manage symptoms and stabilize day-to-twenty-four hour period life.
Symptoms and Warning Signs of Bipolar Disorder
During mood episodes of bipolar disorder, people experience intense emotional and behavioral changes that final for most of the day for multiple days or weeks at a fourth dimension. The symptoms that a person experiences differ during depressive episodes and manic episodes. Symptom expression can vary, but typically an individual will feel three or more of the following symptoms from these lists during each type of episode:
Depressive episodes may include:
- Feelings of sadness, emptiness or hopelessness
- Changes in sleep patterns (more or less sleep than usual)
- Increased appetite
- Forgetfulness or difficulty concentrating
- Loss of interest in or difficulty completing daily tasks
- Decreased sex drive or power to experience pleasure
- Thoughts of death or suicide
Manic episodes may include:
- Elated mood
- Irritability
- Decreased need for sleep
- Loss of ambition
- Rapid speech and actions
- Racing thoughts
- Feelings of increased importance or power
- Changes in judgment (tin can oftentimes involve college-hazard behaviors like spending large amounts of money, engaging in unsafe sexual practices or impulsively making major life decisions)
It'due south important to proceed in mind that depression and mania exist on a mood spectrum, and a person might experience changes in mood that don't quite fit the criteria for either extreme simply that can all the same cause a disruption to their daily life. For example, "hypomania" refers to an elevated mood that may not include the extreme behavioral changes that take identify during manic episodes. Information technology'due south too possible to experience a mixed episode that includes symptoms from both of the to a higher place lists. Typically, someone with bipolar disorder experiences this as increased sadness or hopelessness with simultaneous increased energy or irritability.
Sometimes it's difficult for individuals to identify symptoms while they're experiencing them. A shut family member or friend might point out changes in behavior that may point the onset of symptoms.
Causes and Chance Factors for Bipolar Disorder
Although the precise set of causes of bipolar disorder is unknown, experts believe that a number of genetic and ecology factors are responsible. Studies show that genetics and environmental factors both play a part in the onset of symptoms. Causes may include:
- Structure of the brain: Imaging studies suggest that those living with bipolar disorder may have structural changes in certain parts of their brains that influence the way signals are conducted, impacting mood and behavior.
- Genetic changes: There'south no one gene linked to bipolar disorder, but certain genes may make information technology more likely that someone develops bipolar disorder. This means that having a close relative with the diagnosis makes it more likely that an individual volition experience bipolar disorder.
- Stress: Experiencing traumatic or highly stressful life events without adequate back up may increase the likelihood of developing symptoms of bipolar disorder or trigger their onset in people who are predisposed to this disorder.
- Substance abuse: In some cases, excessive employ of drugs or alcohol can act as a trigger for severe mood episodes in those who are predisposed to bipolar disorder.
There are several conditions that tend to coincide with bipolar disorder. This tin complicate diagnosis and handling. These include:
- Feet disorders
- Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
- Eating disorders (such every bit binge eating disorder, bulimia nervosa or anorexia nervosa)
- Thyroid disorders
- Migraine headaches
- Heart disease
Testing and Diagnosis of Bipolar Disorder
If you detect that you lot're experiencing extreme mood swings, it's of import to speak with a healthcare professional. This can be your medical provider or a mental health specialist like a psychologist or a psychiatrist. These professionals tin can apply a variety of diagnostic tools to help determine whether you're living with bipolar disorder or another condition.
- Assessment: In assessing for a mood disorder, a provider volition likely inquire questions about your lifestyle, relationships, family history, mood and sleep patterns, substance use and daily activities. It's of import to reply these questions honestly so the provider tin identify whether yous're at risk. In gild to exist ready to answer these questions, it can be helpful to maintain a log of your mood changes and how long they last over time. Keep track of how you act and how you feel, and talk to your friends and family virtually whether they've noticed anything out of character or unusual in the way you've been interim.
- Claret work: After asking yous a serial of questions, a provider may society certain blood or urine tests to dominion out any physical explanations for your mood swings, like thyroid abnormalities or substances in your system. Make sure that, when y'all nourish your appointment, you bring information well-nigh any medications y'all're currently taking.
- Scans: Some brain injuries or tumors produce symptoms that are similar to bipolar disorder. If your physician has a medical reason to doubtable such a problem, they might lodge a CT browse or an MRI. A specialist will start to treat these types of conditions as presently equally possible, and your symptoms volition likely stop.
In order to be diagnosed with bipolar disorder, your symptoms must marshal with those listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. This is a handbook that helps healthcare professionals diagnose mental health conditions. There are iv subcategories of bipolar disorder that a provider might identify during diagnosis:
- Bipolar I: Symptoms of low lasting for at least two weeks, and accompanying manic beliefs lasting for at least 1 week
- Bipolar Ii: Characterized by less astringent mood swings alternate betwixt periods of hypomania and low — manic feelings and behaviors are not symptoms of this status
- Cyclothymic disorder: Periods of hypomania and depressive symptoms that last for at least ii years in adults — symptoms can be more subtle and may not see criteria for manic or depressive episodes
- Non otherwise specified: Symptoms of depression, hypomania or mania that impair an individual'south performance but don't meet the pattern criteria in a higher place
Preventing and Treating Bipolar Disorder
Bipolar disorder isn't a condition that you can necessarily prevent. You cannot control your genetics, and yous cannot control many negative situations that may occur in your life. The best preventative measures are to stay informed, monitor your symptoms, find out whether mood disorders run in your family unit and listen to your friends or family if they point out any significant changes in your beliefs. It's of import to seek handling for bipolar disorder equally soon as these changes go noticeable. Without proper supportive treatment, symptoms may become worse and increment the take chances of harm or hospitalization.
Handling modalities for bipolar disorder may include one or a combination of the following:
- Psychotherapy: Several types of talk therapy exist to assist support an private in addressing disruptive emotions, thought patterns and behaviors.
- Medications: Your provider may prescribe these alone or in combination with individual therapy. A variety of psychotropic medications have the potential to exist helpful in targeting the mood and sleep symptoms of bipolar disorder. It can have time to notice a medication regimen that works for you, and providers may offer trials for the following types of medication:
- Brain stimulation: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a treatment method that stimulates your brain through electrical currents and can relieve symptoms of bipolar disorder. Patients are typically nether full general anesthesia for this procedure, which is repeated over a period of time. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has too been studied every bit a less invasive way of stimulating the brain to regulate moods.
- Day treatment or hospitalization: If symptoms are severe, intensive outpatient or inpatient handling allows mental wellness professionals to monitor symptoms, adjust medications as needed and help stabilize moods in a safety environment. Almost frequently this type of treatment is constituent; hospitalization is simply required if a person is an imminent danger to themself or others.
It'due south very important to discover a trusted healthcare provider to work with in creating a treatment program. Treatment is typically lifelong, and consistent monitoring and treatment adjustments are normally necessary to create residue and safe for you while you're living with bipolar disorder.
If y'all or someone you know is struggling with symptoms of bipolar disorder, the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration has a national helpline to connect people with local mental wellness support services and groups. Many patients feel success through support networks. By interacting with peers and discussing common problems, patients, along with their friends and family, are better able to cope with the challenges of bipolar disorder.
Resource Links:
https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/bipolar-disorder/index.shtml
https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/statistics/bipolar-disorder.shtml
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/bipolar-disorder/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355961
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/pcn.12852
https://www.samhsa.gov/discover-assistance/national-helpline
https://suicidepreventionlifeline.org/
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/x.1177/2045125320973790
Source: https://www.symptomfind.com/health/bipolar-disorder-condition?utm_content=params%3Ao%3D740013%26ad%3DdirN%26qo%3DserpIndex
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